Skeletons can be divided into two main types based on the relative position of the skeletal tissues. When these tissues are located external to the soft parts, the animal is said to have an exoskeleton. If they occur deep within the body, they form an endoskeleton. All vertebrate animals possess an endoskeleton, but most also have components that are exoskeletal in origin. Invertebrate skeletons, however, show far more variation in position, morphology, and materials used to construct them.

rockrulefix109blog.com: cell

rockrulefix109blog.com: cell: "A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus, which is separated from the rest of the cell by a membrane. The nucleus contains chr..."

cell

A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus, which is separated from the rest of the cell by a membrane. The nucleus contains chromosomes, which are the carrier of the genetic material (Section 3). There are internal membrane enclosed compartments within eukaryotic cells, called organelles, e.g., centrioles, lysosomes, golgi complexes, mitochondria among others (see picture above), which are specialised for particular biological processes. The mitochondria are found in all eukaryotes and are specialised for energy production (respiration). Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells which produce sugar using light. Light is the ultimate source of energy for almost all life on Earth. The area of the cell outside the nucleus and the organelles is called the cytoplasm. Membranes are complex structures and they are an effective barrier to the environment, and regulate the flow of food, energy and information in and out of the cell. There is a theory that mitochondria are prokaryotes living within eukaryotic cells.

LIPIDS. .

• also known as fats.
• organic molecules insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol.
• contains C, H, O

comes in 2 groups

1. Complex- with fatty acids, saponifiable
2. Simple-withou fatty acid, nonsaponifiable

Complex lipids include waves, acyglycerol, phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids while simple lipids include terpenes, steriods and prostaglandins .

proteins

Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids, and are often folded up into a ball shape. The picture to the right shows a typical protein folded up. There are 20 different sorts of amino acid, each with slightly different properties, and these are often grouped together which is why some of the 'balls' in this image, each of which represents a different amino acid in the chain, are coloured, so that you can quickly see the amino acids with similar properties.
Since we know that there are 20 different amino acids, you can work out roughly how many different sorts of protein there could be.

SUGAR. .

This I've learned about yhe molecules of sugar , different types of sugar and different shapes of the molecules of sugar .
I've learned that it could be arranged i acylic and in cyclic way .
I've also learned that complex sugar are made up of simpler sugar named as glucose , galactose and fructose .